Why does a silver ion only have a single positive charge?

Australia
July 28, 2010 7:38am CST
Ag forms an Ag+ ion. Why is this? It doesn't have 1 valence electron.
1 response
@GDTimothy (446)
• United States
4 Aug 10
I haven't been into chemistry for a very long time, but if you have a silver ion Ag+, I would think that means that it is minus one electron and could accept one electron from a different element that has one electron to spare. A negative charge would mean an excess of electrons. A positive charge indicates a lack of electrons to balance the ion into neutral. So Ag+ would mean that it is lacking one electron (negative charge) to make it neutral, and thus would not have 1 valence electron. I hope I haven't got this all screw up! Like I said, it's been a very long time since I was into chemistry. :-)
• Australia
28 May 11
Sorry I should probably have been more descriptive in my question. I was asking why Silver only forms a +1 ion even though most other transition metals form 2+ ions. It turns out that it has something to do with the order of electrons being filled and something about the d orbitals being in a lower energy state and the p orbitals above it but because the p orbital is above it, the electrons there get lost first.
• United States
1 Dec 12
Sorry if this is late. silver's electron configuration (EC) is [Kr]5s2, 4d9. Silver forms a +1 ion when it evacuates its 5s subshell. One of the electrons is used to fill the 4d subshell, and the other one is given away, leaving the EC for Ag+ ion as [Kr] 4d10.