Can you share a program application in an intranet network?

Technically there are two possibilities - Software does no check and hence if you can transfer files, you can install and use the software on machines which does not have it. - Software does a check and will not allow installation. Legally there are two possibilities - Software license allow the use of software on more than one machine and you have the appropriate number of licenses - Software license does not permit you to install it on more than few machines or this specific machine. So you need to check what is the license says about installation on another machine. If technically it is possible to install software on other machine but the license does not allow, then you are doing illegal activity. Hope this helps!!

It is possible but you need to consider the licensing otherwise it is considered illegal.

Yeah. That's why we have servers and clients. Before cloud computing there so called clustering or grid computing, parallel computing, utility, mainframe computing and so on. If you like to distribute or paralleled computing Microsoft suite the simplest way is clustering. You can boot via network the client or terminal computer to the server. Some small company or institutions do this, and client or terminal computers have no hard disk or just a small hard disk space capacities. At least for sure the main server is a server os.

Yes it can be done, It would likely be the where the program is installed will be called as the main "Server" while the others connecting to it is what we called as "Clients". In a intranet network, all can users can access a program or file as long as privilege access where given to them. It is first determined in your security in the network on how and what program or file you can only access.

Unless you are able to send the programs setup files to another machine over the network then no you can't send the actual program across it. You can however USE the program over the network. The only downside to that would be if you are using it your co-worker whose machine Office is installed on won't be able to use it at the same time or infact use the computer at the same time also. You could use remote sharing to share any file/program access over the network. One of the more popular programs would be Teamviewer. But as I said that is only going to be useful for one person at a time. I'm surprised your employers didn't just buy a bulk license for the office suite. You could also use an alternative to Microsoft Office such as Openoffice. To be honest I forgot about using MS Office completely after using OpenOffice. It's completely free and do more or less everything MS will do. http://www.openoffice.org/