What is stem cell research?

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i hear so much about stem cell research with politics and adult vs.infant or fetus or whatever it is but i just wanna know what its really all about.I know it has to do with the battle of abortion too and then i heard somthing about president bush getting money for some kinda stem cell research and the whole issue is really confusing and i would like to have a more educated oppinion on it,cuz people talk about it all the time and i just dont wanna say anthing because i just dont know what the real issues are.can anyone inlighten me?