blood Type

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blood type, in the medicine ,clasification of red blood cell by the presence of specific substance on there surface.in the early part of the the 20 century,physicians discoverd that blood transfusion often failed because the blood type of recipient was not compatible with that donor in 1901 the Austrian pathologist Karl Landsteiner classified blood type and discoverd that thay were transmittedby the mendelian heredity (Mendel's laws). The four blood types are known as A,B,AB,and O.A contain red blod cell that have a substance A on their surface.this type of blood contain an antibody directed against substance B,found on the red cell of person with blood type B.type b blood contain the reverse combination.serum of blood type AB contain neither antibody ,but red cell in this type of blood contain both A and B substance,in type o blood neither substabce present on the red cell. but the individual is capable of forming antibody directed against red cell containing substance A & B. if the blood A is transfused into a person with blood type B,anti-A antibody in the recipient will distroy the tranfused A red cell. because O type blood has neither substance on its red cells , it can be given successfully to almost any person. person with blood type AB have no antibody and can receive any of the four types of blood thus blood types O and AB are called universal donors and universal recipient, respectively.