Obey orders against your conscience
By SViswan
@SViswan (12051)
India
October 5, 2008 3:26am CST
I was just reading about an experiment carried out by Yale university in the early 60's. It was concerned with the effect of punishment on learning. Two people were involved - one a 'teacher' and another a 'learner'. The learner had to learn a list of pair words. If the learner gave a wrong answer, the teacher would punish them with an electric shock (an electrode was attached to the learner's wrist). The range of the intensity of the shock was between 15 volts and 450 volts. Many teachers gave increasingly large shocks.
Even when the teacher had no previous animosity to the learner, they chose to administer the electric shock. They were all ordinary people from various sections of society. No history of aggressive behaviour.
What if you were the 'teacher'? Would you refuse to administer an electric shock (of any intensity) to a fellow human being? Or would you give an electric shock of lover intensity thinking it's not too much harm? Or would you take this as an opportunity to let out your pent up anger on someone else?
10 people like this
22 responses
@James72 (26790)
• Australia
5 Oct 08
I know this is an unusual example to give here but there was a Simpson's episode of all things that had the family visit a Psychiatrist who then strapped them all into chairs with wires attached and then gave them each a control so they could shock each other whenever somebody said something they didn't appreciate. Of course they all ended up shocking the heck out of each other! lol. It may have been just a cartoon but I think that it is quite an accurate picture of how many people would end up being towards each other if given half the chance.
The experiment you have shared is certainly an unusual one but the results are of no surprise to me at all. There was probably misapprehension at forst from a number of these "Teachers" but once they broke the ice so to speak there is no doubt that many of them would feed off of the power it gave them and then go on to abuse this same power. Would I participate in an experiment like this? I think I would actually. And I would probably end up shocking the heck out of everybody as well! But if this was not an experiment in a controlled environment and was an expected role for me as a Teacher in a school then no, I of course would never agree to do it as it serves no long term purpose.
The interesting question would have been concerning what would have happened if the learners had been given the ability to shock the Teachers in return? But I think I know the answer to this question! It would have been exactly like the Simpson's episode I have mentioned, and it is more than likely that the experiment would have ended up as a constant series of back and forth shocks that would have never stopped until someone thought to turn off the power!
3 people like this
@SViswan (12051)
• India
5 Oct 08
You are right about the part if the learners became the teachers.
Actually the learners were administered no shock at all (though the teachers didn't know that). And after giving it some thought, I feel you are right how people would be with each other if they were given the chance. Once the 'ice was broken', I think people wouldn't feel bad about administering the shock and might even enjoy having the power to inflict pain. I'm not sure if personally I would increase the intensity if I were the teacher....but I can't say for sure. As a teacher, I would never raise a finger at a child...I might raise my voice but will not inflict physical(or mental) pain on a child .
2 people like this
@ellie333 (21016)
•
5 Oct 08
This sounds quite a cruel experiment and I suppose was done for some pyschology course research. I would refuse to participate either as teacher or student. I guess the ones that gave the higher shock were control freaks of some sort and the ones hey were adminstered to submissive victims. Interesting though. Ellie :D
2 people like this
@SViswan (12051)
• India
5 Oct 08
It was an experiment to throw some light on the topic of human aggression.
The learners were actually professional actors but the teachers didn't know that. There was no shock being administered. When the 'learner' recieved a shock of 75 volts, he grunted. At 120 volts, he complained verbally. At 150, he demanded to be released from the experiment.
The experiment showed that most of the teachers administered increasing intensity of electric shock. The teachers were picked from normal people in society who had never exhibited any signs of aggression in their past.
2 people like this
@aseretdd (13730)
• Philippines
9 Oct 08
I don't think i can bring myself to hurt someone as a form of punishment... i was a teacher for more than seven years... and i had the urge to slap a student or two... but i never did do that sort of punishment... so i think i will never ever participate in such an experiment... since i think it is inhumane...
1 person likes this
@SViswan (12051)
• India
18 Oct 08
I wouldn't do it as a teacher too....but this experiment was different.
Check the link I have given to other comments.
People who under normal conditions wouldn't harm another person would do so willingly when instructed by higher authority. That was the main gist of the experiment.
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@4mymak (1793)
• Malaysia
31 Oct 08
such experiment on humans ? i thought they did that kind of experiment on dogs or chimps..
giving electric shock on people.. that's cruel, i think..
i wouldnt want to punished like that, and i dont believe i myself can inflict such pain and terror on someone, so.. i dont think i will take part in this 'wierd' experiment even if they pay me to..
1 person likes this
@SViswan (12051)
• India
1 Nov 08
It was mainly to check if people would do something wrong if they were instructed to by someone of authority. The reason for this experiment was that some Germans who were held on trial for the atrocities done during the Nazi camp pleaded that they were innocent because they did what they did to obey orders from above.
@drannhh (15219)
• United States
5 Oct 08
I am familiar with the study you mention here because I was taking undergraduate courses in psychology around that time. I most certainly would have refused to administer the shock. However, I believe that the people who were told to do, no matter what the experimenters thought, were of the conviction that nobody was actually being shocked. I don't know if that makes a difference or not, but it gives me a lower opinion of psychology as a field of study and was just one of many reasons that I did not continue on in the study of psychology beyond the BA degree. I chose to study something else in graduate school.
2 people like this
@SViswan (12051)
• India
5 Oct 08
It was the opposite. The teachers believed that they were administering the shock while in reality there was no shock being administered. The learners were actors who were pretending to recieve the shock. The 'teacher's were people from different sections of society who had not shown signs of agression earlier. It makes me wonder if aggression and violence innate to human nature.
3 people like this
@SViswan (12051)
• India
5 Oct 08
Oh ok...I'm not sure about the aspect you mentioned. I just read about it in an article. According to the article, typical subjects who participated in the experiment were postal clerks, high school teachers, salesmen, engineers and labourers.
Since I am a student of Psychology, I read about different studies...but I have my own views.
1 person likes this
@glords (2614)
• United States
5 Oct 08
Weird story. I think I would give them a lower shock because I was instructed to shock them in the name of science. I would follow the orders even though I didn't agree with it, I guess I would think if they were allowing it, it must be okay. Now I feel really guilty and I wasn't even part of the study. Thanks for posting this, it was really eye opening. Happy Mylotting.
@SViswan (12051)
• India
7 Oct 08
Not really...the learners were actors and would pretend to be shcoked.
When they recieved a shock of 75 volts, they would make a noise....as it increased, the learner would complain and at around 150 volts, they would ask to be released from the experiment. So, it wasn't like the teacher didn't see any response from the learner. They did and chose to continue.
1 person likes this
@glords (2614)
• United States
6 Oct 08
Maybe that's why they kept turning up the shock.
I guess if you could see that nothing was happening you would probably adjust the knobs more to find out if the thing was working, rather than to inflict pain.
That is just a thought, but I'm not sure. What do you think.
Thanks for posting and happy mylotting.
@balasri (26537)
• India
5 Oct 08
I will never inflict any type of pain to anyone intentionally.I have done that.I tend to get away from such situations always.And Sandhya I never believe in punishments too.People hardly change whether you punish or pardon them.Some miracle or magic only can make oneself realize his folly and transform and it is very rare.
@SViswan (12051)
• India
6 Oct 08
Yes, I understand what you say...but this was an experiment and all the people who were the teachers would think as you do under normal conditions...but when they got the power to do it...they could be trained to think accordingly. The study was done to check if people could be trained to be aggressive.
2 people like this
@dpk262006 (58676)
• Delhi, India
6 Oct 08
If I am a teacher I will refrain myself from giving any kind of electric shock to any of my students. I suppose students have very tender and delicate mind and punishing them this way could be determinental for them. I would definitely scold them if you are not learning and playing pranks, I may even ask them to leave the class, if they are not attentive but I am against any physical punishment to them.
@SViswan (12051)
• India
6 Oct 08
This is not a typical teacher-student setting. All the people involved in this experiment were adults.
Though the subjects who were asked to be the 'teachers' were unaware of the real purpose of the experiment, the 'learners' were actually actors who pretended to be getting shocked. The experiment was actually conducted to check if people could be violent or aggressive if a person of authority told them to. Would normal people blindly follow instructions from a person of authority?
You can check out this link to understand more of this experiment.
Being a student of Psychology, it is interesting for me to understand how ordinary people might react in extraordinary situations.
http://www.age-of-the-sage.org/psychology/milgram_obedience_experiment.html
1 person likes this
@dpk262006 (58676)
• Delhi, India
6 Oct 08
I still feel that giving electic shocks to someone is cruel method of getting things done. Nonetheless, I will check up the link. Thanks for the elaboration.
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@cupid74 (11388)
• Pakistan
6 Oct 08
Hi Dear
sure it was not a decent experiment, well, i am sure i will refuse to administyer this shocking treatment.
Learning must be 2 ways, and to give punish for learning or not learning is Ridiculous, Speclially when some one is atleast trying
Rather then punishing u should help them to learn it
Take care
@SViswan (12051)
• India
6 Oct 08
Actually the experiment was to check if aggressive behaviour can be learnt if a person of authority dictates it.
The teachers thought they were doing an experiment on learning....but the real reason was actually different.
This is exactly what happens in the terrorist outfits. The young children or people asked to sacrifice their lives are not aware of the real reason for the violence. They are made to believe they are doing it for the good of mankind and they blindly believe what is being told to them. Even if they earlier felt violence is wrong, they are convinced (by the authority figure) that in this particular case, violence is the right way to go about...and it's actually not 'violence' but 'jihad'.
1 person likes this
@SomeCowgirl (32191)
• United States
5 Oct 08
I think that I would not, or could not do harm like that to anyone. I would not wish to be the "teacher in this case, and would definitely not appreciate being the "learner" either. If I were to see this action I would alert the authorities or someone with an authority over the "teacher" who was unaware of the intensity of the shocks, or the frequency of which she or he had administered it.
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@SViswan (12051)
• India
5 Oct 08
It was an experiment conducted to research human aggression. The sudy also tried to understand communal carnage and the manifestation of violence in the Nazi camps.
The 'learners' were actually actors and there was no shock being administered...but the teachers didn't know that and they were very well aware of the intensity of the shock and the frequency with which they were administering it.
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@wanderer086 (759)
•
5 Oct 08
These experiments were carried out all over the world to find out if people would obey orders like the people did in the extermination camps in Germany during World War II. They found that most of the people concerned obeyed orders and they did not know that the electric shocks were not real. It was a man called Zimbardo who thought up the experiments I think. The results shocked everyone because the rest of the world had believed that it could only happen in Germany. I hope I would have had the courage to say no.
@Chastised_Dreamz (559)
• United States
5 Oct 08
I remember this. I had to watch it in psychology. They weren't actually shocking the people and the "teachers" were actually the subjects in the experiment but they didn't know that, they thought that the learners were the subjects. It was an experiment to see what people would do if someone in authority told them to do something. They thought that they were shocking the "learner" because they couldn't see the person "being shocked," they were in another room and the other person played a recording of someone screaming whenever the shock was administered. The person in the white lab coat was the one telling the "teacher" what voltage of shock to give. Whenever the shock was given the shocker would laugh when the person yelled out but it wasn't mean spirited or anything, it seemed to be a natural reaction from people. There were only a few people who actually walked out and refused to do the shocking.
I think that this experiment is important, even if some would say that it wasn't ethical since the people that were shocking didn't know the whole truth about the experiment, because it shows how far people would go if someone in authority told them to do something. I wss a freshman I think when I saw this video and it opened my eyes and made me wonder what I would have done. It's possible that I would have thought the person in the lab coat knew what they were doing and wouldn't just let me kill someone. I would definately not use the experiment to release pent up anger and hurt anyone purposely. Oh yea, and I think the people signed a paper in the beginning that said that the person conducting the experiment would take responsibility if anyone was hurt in the experiment so the "teacher" wouldn't be held responsible. It made me realize that just because a person is in a position of authority it doesn't mean that they're right and that you should follow orders from them.
@SViswan (12051)
• India
6 Oct 08
Yes, that's the experiment I was talking about. You could come to a realize that a person in authority isn't always right because you saw the video and knew what was actually happening (unlike the 'subjects'). The study was conducted also to find out if people 'learnt' to be aggressive because a person in an authoritative position told them to (eg. Nazi camps)
1 person likes this
@zulito (174)
• Germany
5 Oct 08
crazy! i wouldnt..but then again, in history many have followed orders like that..
the guy that threw the atomic bomb never regreted.. he was just following orders acoording to him..
but no.. dont do to other what you wouldnt like for yourself
@Roseo8 (2947)
• India
7 Oct 08
Hi pattalam.Why this delay in adding me as your friend?..
Well I have read about inflicting electric shocks on animals ,especially rats and rabbits,but this is to study about behavioural patterns of animals and how it can be affected by external stimuli.This is to be taken as part of scientific experiments,even though I abhore such cruelty to animals.
But inflicting such shock treatment on human beings ,of however low intensity it is,as part of learning process is something demeaning and unnecessary......The best way to teach is by making the topic intersting to your students and presenting it in such a manner that they will understand and grasp it quickly.That way they will love the topic and the teacher too.Fear factor as a weapon is unneccesary for teaching.It can be replaced with love and sympathy and tolerance to get better and long lasting output.
1 person likes this
@SViswan (12051)
• India
18 Oct 08
It wasn't actually to learn about how a student learns. It was more to find out if a person can be conditioned to behave in an aggressive manner if the instruction was given by someone in authority.
Check out the link I have given to other responses and you will understand better.
1 person likes this
@Lakota12 (42600)
• United States
5 Oct 08
Heck NO! 450 volts can kill a person even 220 isnt good on a person could damage that person for ever and ever .! and it can also kill a person at 220 volts if it is not just a twitch of a shock.
BUt then again it can cause alot of damage to the person getting shocked.
I have been shocked by 110 fence wasnt a good feeling what so ever and took time to get out of it at that.
Did it tell what happened to the learner?
after these shocks?
@suspenseful (40193)
• Canada
5 Oct 08
I would not do it. I could not hurt anyone - unless that person was trying to kill me, of course. Why when my husband wanted me to cut his nails (his left hand is weak) I was afraid to do it because I did not want to cut the hard part of the nail or his fingers or toes by mistakes. I told him that I would not make it as a torturer. I did hear about that experiment. It was something to do with to showing how the people of Germany or Japan and the guards in the concentration camps--well, those living under the rules of tyrants were able to obey his orders with no feeling for the sympathy or humanity of the victims.
I think the examiner wanted to prove that we all will obey orders no matter how wrong. I also think there was another test, when one group dressed in red, or one group was marked inferior, etc. and the other group felt that they were Lords of the Manor and acted so. I do not recall where I read about it, but it made me more than determined not to follow orders of evil people.
@sarahruthbeth22 (43143)
• United States
8 Oct 08
I wouldn't do the exercise because of two main reasons.One, I am not a teacher and I never want to be . And two, I only purposely harm the ones that harmed me first.
@qianlizhifeng (468)
• China
5 Oct 08
It is unbelievealbe to hear such an experiment.I can't guess what the result it will lead to ,but it is clear that both teachers and learner who are kind hearted will have bad feelings.In my opnion,the purpose of education is to teach students how to learn by himself,and thus the way should be directing them,not punishing them.
@Hatley (163776)
• Garden Grove, California
6 Oct 08
sviswan noI would not administeer any type of electric
shock to anyone, that is not humane and could do damage
over time.thisis so wrong.If I were the teacher I would
refuse to do anything so s tupid and inhumane.I would
not wantto do that to anyone. this is a bad experiment
as far as I am concerned. I would never usethis to let
out pent up anger.
@SViswan (12051)
• India
6 Oct 08
WEll, not really pent up anger....(though that was something that crossed my mind).
This experiment was actually conducted to check if ordinary people would follow orders from people of authority.
You might want to check this link to know more about the experiment.
http://www.age-of-the-sage.org/psychology/milgram_obedience_experiment.html
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